What Should You Plant in September in Florida?

AvatarBySheryl Ackerman General Planting

As the sweltering summer heat begins to ease and the days gradually shorten, September marks a pivotal time for gardeners in Florida to plan their next planting ventures. Whether you’re a seasoned green thumb or just starting your gardening journey, understanding what to plant in September can set the stage for a vibrant and productive growing season. This transitional month offers unique opportunities to take advantage of Florida’s warm climate while preparing your garden for the cooler months ahead.

Gardening in Florida presents distinct challenges and rewards due to its subtropical environment, and timing is everything. September serves as a bridge between the intense summer heat and the milder fall weather, making it an ideal moment to introduce certain crops and plants that thrive under these conditions. By aligning your planting choices with the season’s rhythms, you can maximize growth, yield, and garden health.

In the following sections, we’ll explore the best plants to sow and cultivate during September in Florida, considering factors such as soil temperature, daylight hours, and regional climate variations. Whether you’re aiming to grow fresh vegetables, herbs, or flowers, this guide will help you make informed decisions to ensure your garden flourishes as the seasons change.

Vegetables Suitable for Planting in September

September marks the transition into Florida’s cooler growing season, making it an ideal time to plant a variety of vegetables that thrive in mild temperatures. Cool-season vegetables are particularly well-suited for this period, as they benefit from the reduced heat and longer daylight hours typical of early fall. Planting in September allows these crops to establish strong root systems and mature before the onset of winter.

Key vegetables to consider planting include:

  • Leafy greens: Such as spinach, kale, Swiss chard, and mustard greens. These crops prefer cooler weather and can tolerate light frosts.
  • Root vegetables: Carrots, radishes, beets, and turnips grow well in September, as the soil remains warm enough to encourage germination but the air temperature begins to cool.
  • Brassicas: Broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts thrive when planted in September, allowing them to mature in the cooler months.
  • Legumes: Snap beans and peas can also be planted early in the month, benefiting from the moderate temperatures.

Proper soil preparation is essential for successful planting. Incorporate organic matter such as compost to improve soil fertility and drainage. Mulching around young plants can help regulate soil temperature and moisture levels.

Herbs to Plant in September in Florida

September offers an excellent window to establish many perennial and annual herbs that flourish in Florida’s fall climate. Herbs planted now can develop robust foliage and root systems, providing a continuous harvest throughout the cooler months.

Recommended herbs for September planting include:

  • Cilantro: Prefers cooler weather and can bolt quickly if temperatures rise, making fall the ideal planting season.
  • Parsley: A biennial herb that grows well in early fall and can overwinter in mild Florida climates.
  • Dill: Thrives in the cooler months and can be used fresh or dried.
  • Thyme and oregano: Perennial herbs that benefit from fall planting to establish before the heat of summer returns.
  • Chives: Hardy perennials that grow well when planted in September, providing fresh leaves for seasoning.

Maintaining consistent moisture and ensuring well-drained soil will promote healthy herb growth. Avoid overhead watering to reduce the risk of fungal diseases.

Fruits to Plant in September

While September is not the traditional planting time for many fruit trees, certain types of fruit plants can be successfully established during this month in Florida’s climate. Early fall planting allows fruit trees and bushes to acclimate before the cooler winter temperatures set in.

Fruits suitable for planting in September include:

  • Blueberries: Prefer acidic, well-drained soil and cooler conditions, making fall planting advantageous.
  • Strawberries: Planting in September allows runners to establish before winter.
  • Citrus trees: Certain varieties can be planted in early fall, giving roots time to develop before the heat intensifies.
  • Fig trees: Adapt well to fall planting in Florida’s climate.

Ensure fruit trees and bushes are planted in locations with full sun and adequate space for growth. Amending soil with organic matter and providing proper irrigation during establishment is critical.

Planting Schedule for September in Florida

The following table summarizes common crops that can be planted in Florida during September, along with key growing considerations:

Crop Type Examples Soil Preferences Planting Tips
Leafy Greens Spinach, Kale, Swiss Chard, Mustard Greens Well-drained, fertile soil rich in organic matter Start seeds indoors or direct sow; thin seedlings for proper spacing
Root Vegetables Carrots, Radishes, Beets, Turnips Loose, sandy loam soil to allow root expansion Keep soil consistently moist; thin seedlings to avoid crowding
Brassicas Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Brussels Sprouts Fertile, well-drained soil with moderate moisture Start transplants indoors or buy seedlings; protect from pests
Legumes Snap Beans, Peas Neutral to slightly acidic soil, well-drained Sow seeds directly; provide trellis support if needed
Herbs Cilantro, Parsley, Dill, Thyme, Oregano, Chives Well-drained, moderately fertile soil Plant seedlings or seeds; avoid overwatering to prevent disease
Fruits Blueberries, Strawberries, Citrus Trees, Fig Trees Varies by species; blueberries prefer acidic soil, citrus prefers well-drained sandy soil Plant young trees or bushes; mulch and irrigate regularly during establishment

Optimal Crops and Plants for September Planting in Florida

September marks the transition from summer to fall in Florida, providing ideal conditions for a variety of crops and plants. The climate remains warm but begins to moderate, enabling gardeners to start cool-season vegetables and herbs as well as prepare for some warm-season crops that thrive in the tail end of the growing season.

Choosing the right plants to sow or transplant in September depends on the specific region within Florida—North, Central, or South—due to microclimatic differences. However, many crops perform well statewide during this month.

Vegetables Suitable for September Planting

September is an excellent time to plant a broad selection of vegetables, particularly those that prefer cooler temperatures as they mature.

  • Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, collards, Swiss chard, and mustard greens thrive when planted in September, developing tender leaves during cooler fall months.
  • Brassicas: Broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, and Brussels sprouts can be transplanted from seedlings or sown directly for fall harvests.
  • Root Vegetables: Carrots, beets, radishes, and turnips develop well with September planting, benefiting from the moderate fall temperatures.
  • Legumes: Peas and bush beans can be planted early in the month before cooler weather arrives.
  • Alliums: Onions, shallots, and garlic can be planted as sets or transplants to establish before winter.

Herbs and Other Plants to Consider

Herbs are generally forgiving and can be started in September for fall and early winter harvests.

  • Basil (early September only, before cooler nights set in)
  • Cilantro
  • Parsley
  • Dill
  • Thyme and oregano (transplants)

Additionally, September is an appropriate time to plant certain flowers and ornamental plants that will establish before winter.

Summary Table of Recommended Plants for September in Florida

Category Plants Planting Method Notes
Leafy Greens Spinach, Kale, Collards, Swiss Chard, Mustard Greens Direct seed or transplant Prefer cooler temperatures; plant early September
Brassicas Broccoli, Cauliflower, Cabbage, Brussels Sprouts Transplants recommended Start indoors or purchase seedlings for transplanting
Root Vegetables Carrots, Beets, Radishes, Turnips Direct seed Soil should be loose and well-drained
Legumes Peas, Bush Beans Direct seed Plant early in the month to avoid cold snaps
Alliums Onions, Shallots, Garlic Sets or transplants Establish before winter for best results
Herbs Basil, Cilantro, Parsley, Dill, Thyme, Oregano Seed or transplant Some herbs prefer cooler weather; basil should be planted early

Soil Preparation and Planting Tips for September

Proper soil preparation in September is critical to ensure successful crop establishment and healthy growth throughout Florida’s fall and winter seasons.

  • Soil Testing: Conduct a soil test to determine pH and nutrient levels. Florida soils often require liming to raise pH to optimal levels (6.0 to 7.0) for most vegetables.
  • Amendments: Incorporate organic matter such as compost or well-aged manure to improve soil structure and fertility.
  • Drainage: Ensure good drainage to prevent root rot, especially during Florida’s remaining rainy season in early fall.
  • Mulching: Apply a layer of mulch after planting to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and moderate soil temperature.
  • Fertilization: Use balanced fertilizers or those tailored to the specific crop’s needs based on soil test results.

Transplants should be hardened off before planting outdoors by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions over 7–10 days. Direct seeding should be done in prepared rows or beds with consistent watering to promote germination.

Managing Pests and Diseases During September Planting

September’s warm and humid conditions in Florida can encourage certain pests and diseases that affect newly planted crops. Vigilant monitoring and proactive management are essential.

  • Expert Recommendations for September Planting in Florida

    Dr. Linda Martinez (Horticulturist, University of Florida IFAS Extension). September is an ideal time to plant cool-season vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, and carrots in Florida. The soil remains warm enough to encourage strong root development, while the gradually cooling air temperatures reduce heat stress on young plants. Additionally, starting leafy greens like kale and spinach now will ensure a productive harvest before the cooler winter months.

    James O’Connor (Master Gardener and Urban Agriculture Specialist). For Florida gardeners, September is a strategic month to begin planting herbs such as cilantro, parsley, and dill. These herbs thrive in the transitional climate and can be interplanted with fall vegetables to maximize garden space. It is also important to prepare the soil with organic compost to maintain moisture and nutrient levels during the late summer rains.

    Emily Chen (Landscape Agronomist, Florida Native Plant Society). Incorporating native plants like beautyberry and firebush in September supports local ecosystems and benefits from Florida’s late summer rainfall. These species establish well in early fall and provide essential habitat for pollinators. Gardeners should focus on mulching and consistent watering during this period to ensure successful establishment before the drier winter season.

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    What vegetables can I plant in Florida in September?
    September is ideal for planting cool-season vegetables such as broccoli, cabbage, carrots, lettuce, spinach, and kale in Florida.

    Is September a good time to plant herbs in Florida?
    Yes, September is suitable for planting herbs like cilantro, parsley, and dill, which thrive in the cooler fall temperatures.

    Can I start planting flowers in Florida during September?
    Absolutely. September is a great month to plant annual flowers such as marigolds, pansies, and petunias, as well as perennials like salvia and coneflowers.

    Should I prepare the soil differently for September planting in Florida?
    Yes, it is important to amend the soil with organic matter and ensure proper drainage to support healthy root development during the transition to cooler weather.

    What are the benefits of planting in September in Florida?
    Planting in September takes advantage of milder temperatures and increased rainfall, which promote strong growth and reduce water stress for young plants.

    Are there any pests or diseases to watch for when planting in September?
    Yes, watch for common pests such as aphids and whiteflies, and practice crop rotation and proper sanitation to minimize disease risks during this period.
    In summary, September is an ideal month for planting a variety of crops in Florida due to the state’s warm climate and the transition from summer to fall. Gardeners can take advantage of this period to sow cool-season vegetables such as lettuce, spinach, kale, and broccoli, which thrive as temperatures begin to moderate. Additionally, root vegetables like carrots and radishes can also be successfully planted, ensuring a continuous harvest through the cooler months.

    It is important to consider Florida’s unique climate zones when selecting plants, as some areas may still experience high heat and humidity in September. Utilizing proper soil preparation, adequate watering, and pest management will enhance the success of your fall garden. Moreover, incorporating herbs like cilantro and parsley during this time can complement vegetable plantings and provide fresh flavors for culinary use.

    Overall, planting in September allows Florida gardeners to maximize their growing season by establishing crops that benefit from the cooler fall weather. By choosing appropriate varieties and implementing best gardening practices, one can achieve a productive and rewarding garden that extends well into the winter months. This strategic approach ensures both sustainability and enjoyment in Florida’s diverse gardening environment.

    Author Profile

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    Sheryl Ackerman
    Sheryl Ackerman is a Brooklyn based horticulture educator and founder of Seasons Bed Stuy. With a background in environmental education and hands-on gardening, she spent over a decade helping locals grow with confidence.

    Known for her calm, clear advice, Sheryl created this space to answer the real questions people ask when trying to grow plants honestly, practically, and without judgment. Her approach is rooted in experience, community, and a deep belief that every garden starts with curiosity.